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Methods of Work
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Psychodynamic Counselling / Psychotherapy:
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The psychodynamic model recognises that may of our
actions and responses reflect the effects of our earliest experiences
which affect our relationships and our perception of the present.
Where the past provides a blueprint of behaviour for the present,
our current behaviour may not be appropriate or satisfying. Psychodynamic
approaches aim to bring information from the past, which may have
been repressed, into consciousness, so that it can inform, but not
drive, our authentic living in the present.
Based on work by the Freud, Jung, Adler, Winnicott, Klein and
many others in the analytic tradition, psychodynamic counselling
provides a secure and supportive relationship within which the
client can explore and understand their conscious and unconscious
thoughts and feelings and eventually reach some kind of integration
between past and present.
The therapeutic relationship, particularly the transference and
counter transference between client and counsellor, is central
to this work.
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Systemic:
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There are many variations in Systemic Therapy in which a
patient’s symptoms are seen in the context of their wider family
system and community network. For example an ‘acting out’
adolescent may be seen as expressing a protective or stabilising
function for the family or drawing attention to a different part
of the system which needs addressing. A client who is showing
signs of depression may be helped by understanding the symptom
as a regulatory function within their couple relationship. By recognising
the patterns it is then possible to help the individual, couple
or family think differently about their situation, locate and
utilise their strengths towards their goals. This approach can
thus be considered as being Person Centred in that it pays
particular importance to the unique characteristics of each person.
Narrative therapy as described by Michael White and David Epston,
aims, by identifying unique outcomes, to help people reconnect with
personal stories of their lives, redefining their relationship
with the ‘ problem’. Externalisation is an approach that can
help to separate the person from the problem thus providing more
opportunity to describe themselves from non- problem saturated
viewpoints.
See
http://cbae.nmsu.edu/~dboje/narrativetherapy.html
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| CBT or Cognitive Psychotherapy:
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| CBT is now a recognised and recommended treatment of
choice for a variety of conditions such as depression, anxiety, panic
and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Cognitive Psychotherapy helps people think about how they create meanings
about situations and events that happen in their lives and subsequently
then create beliefs about themselves or others some of which might
seem irrational or limiting or no longer appropriate.
When an event happens we have thoughts, feelings (emotions) which
influence our behaviour and form responses to subsequent similar
events. For change to happen it is necessary to understand how the
three components of emotions, behaviours and thoughts interrelate.
A Cognitive Psychotherapist will gently guide a person to discover
alternative meanings and possibilities. Its not about trying
to prove a patient wrong and the therapist right. Rather, patients
come to see for themselves that there are alternatives. For example
a person who has suffered a relationship break up can discover that
yes, its sad but it does not mean theyre unlovable and
going to be alone and miserable for ever (which is what it might
feel like).
In Cognitive Psychotherapy the aim is to create the conditions
where people can feel safe enough to test out their assumptions
and fears and change their behaviour. An agoraphobic might believe
that something terrible will happen if they go out of their house
and so feel anxious. So to stop something bad happening they stay
at home. This works to an extent but prevents the person from going
out. Throughout this process of learning, exploring and testing,
the client acquires coping strategies as well as improved skills
of awareness, introspection and evaluation. This enables them to
manage the process on their own in the future, reducing their reliance
on the therapist and reducing the likelihood of experiencing a relapse.
I am currently training in advanced methods (MSc) of Cognitive
Psychotherapy at Brighton University.
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Solution Focused:
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People generally want to find solutions to their problems. By
focusing on what will be different when the solution is found
and by exploring possibilities for change, people can learn
that alternative pathways towards the solution exist and change
can sometimes occur within a few sessions.
For further information see:
www.brieftherapy.org.uk
www.brief-therapy.org
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Hypnosis:
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Hypnosis has had a rich history as a treatment in itself and as
an adjunct to psychotherapy. There is now a considerable amount
of evidence that demonstrates the efficacy of hypnosis (or using
imagination )for many medical and psychological conditions. It
is generally accepted that there is an inextricable link between
mind and body and the use of hypnosis has been supported as part
of the treatment of conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome,
pain relief, dermatological conditions, anxiety, asthma and many
others.
Openness to experience, ability of absorption and positive
expectations have been shown to be indicators of responsiveness
to treatment. Imagination focused hypnosis has also seen a wide
range of applications with children.
It will depend on assessment and your circumstances as to which
approach will be best suited to your particular needs. An
integrative model that combines aspects of differing approaches
may be most applicable.
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